Link of the Original text: http://www.cnenergy.org/yw/nyhlw/201512/t20151202_255361.html
The backbone network of global energy Internet mainly consists of large-scale renewable energy source base transmission passageway of “one-pole-and-one-road”, trans-continent networking passageway. In the future, power transmission of large-scale renewable energy sources base of “one-pole-and-one-road” and intercontinental high-capacity exchange passageway will mainly adopt EHV ac/dc electricity transmission technology. The trans-continent EHV backbone networking is the top networking for global energy Internet, carrying the power transmission of “one-pole-and-one-road” and other large-scale renewable energy source bases, electric power exchange between all continents and other functions, mainly including electricity transmission passageway in arctic region, electricity transmission passageway in equator region and trans-continent networking passageway.
Passageway in arctic region for wind power transmission
The electricity transmission passageway in Arctic region and Northeast Asian region. The distance between Kara Sea wind power base in arctic region and Northern China is about 4400km; and the distance of electricity transmission between Bering strait wind power base and North China, Japan and Korea is about 5000km., within the range of economical distance of ±1100kV EHV DC electricity transmission. In future, those wind power bases can consider transmitting power to Northeast Asian region, and all electricity transmission passageways to China are in land, which can adopt EHV DC transmission electricity transmission technology by overhead line; and EHV DC submarine cable can be adopted for those to Japan and Korea.
The electricity transmission passageway in Arctic Region and European region. In future, with the completion of exploitation of wind power resources in the land of Northern Europe and the North Sea, we can speed up the exploitation of wind energy resources in Greenland, Norwegian Sea and Barents to transmit power to Europe.
The electricity transmission passageway in Arctic Region and North America. At the same time when Bering Strait wind power base transmits power to Northeast Asian region, we can also build UHV electricity transmission passageway, which can transmit power to the load centre region of west coast of North America across Bering strait. In southern Greenland, wind power can be transmitted to the east coast of Canada by EHV DC submarine cable, and then transmits power to the load centre region in Eastern America, and ±1100kV EHV DC electricity transmission line in land can be adopted.
The above electricity transmission passageways can not only solve the issue of wind power transmission in arctic region, but can also realize the annular interconnection of power grid in Asia, Europe, North America in the Northern Hemisphere with key wind power bases in arctic region as fulcrum, and give full play to the interconnection advantages of large power network. In addition, by use of time difference among all continents, they can transmit wind power in arctic region to all continents in divided period, in order to satisfy peak load demand of all continents in daytime, and increase the utilization efficiency of wind power in arctic region at the same time.
The solar power generation transmission passageway in equator region
The Electricity transmission passageway in North Africa and Europe. The distance between the solar power generation base in North Africa and the southern part of European power grid, is only scores of kilometers at the nearest, and not more than 1500km at the furthest. The geographical condition for trans-continent interconnection of power grids is very advantageous, and it can also realize networking for power transmission based on the current technology.
The electricity transmission passageway between the Middle East and South Asia. The distance of power transmission between the solar power generation base in the Middle East and the western area of India in South Asia is about 4000km, which can adopt EHV DC submarine cable to Iran, and then adopt EHV DC electricity transmission line in land to transmit into the area of Bombay in the load centre of western India via Pakistan.
The electricity transmission passageway in Australia and Southeast Asia. The distance of passageway for Australia to transmit electricity to Southeast Asia is too long, with many sections across sea and high requirement in networking technology, and the basic condition is very weak at present. The EHV submarine cable is adopted from the solar power generation base in Northern Australia, which goes about 500km across sea and lands in Indonesia, through short distance across sea, via Singapore, passing through Malaysia peninsula, and then reaches to Thailand. The total length of passageway is about 6000km., which needs to further improve ±1100kV EHV DC technology and electricity transmission capacity across sea.
By the construction of the above electricity transmission passageway, we can not only solve the issue of power transmission from the solar power generation base in equator region, but can also realize the interconnection of power grid of the related continents in northern and southern hemispheres. Because these continents differ not greatly in time zone, there is certain simultaneity in solar irradiation intensity and the scale of load, eg. when the sun shines highly in North Africa, it is just European load peak period, which is more beneficial to give play to the function of solar power generation. Meanwhile, because of the season difference between the northern and southern hemispheres, seasonal complementary benefit could be also achieved.
Key trans-continent networking passageway and development process
The distance between Africa and Europe is very short with existence of climate difference and load characteristic complementation. The economic benefit of networking is obvious with very good networking condition. The distance for electricity transmission doesn’t exceed 2000km, which is easy to realize technically.
The time difference between Asia and Europe is obvious, with good complementarity in load characteristic. In the future, the networking between Asia and Europe will give priority to consider northern and southern two UHV power transmission passageways. Northern passageway will connect the EHV electricity transmission passageway of China, Central Asian countries and middle Europe. SGCC has connected network with Central Asia and Europe, so technical problem will not exist with research for so many years. The implementation condition is very good, so it is expected to realize networking before and after 2030. Southern passageway takes the Middle East solar power generation base as support, which connects regions in India and Southeast Asia eastward, and extends to the southern part of Europe westward.
Africa and Middle East are next to each other in geographical location, and the networking advantage is obvious. After networking, it will benefit the optimal configuration of solar power generation in North Africa and the Middle East among Europe, Asia and Africa. The solar energy and wind energy bases in North Africa and East Africa are connected between the Middle East and Europe-Asia southern networking passageway, and realize networking between Africa and Asia.
The networking between Asia and North America can give play to the advantage in the time difference between the two continents, the interconnected passageway goes through northeast of China, Siberia crossing Bering strait, and links to Alaska in North America, then enters into the load centre of Canada and America located in west coast of Pacific Ocean.
There is obvious staggering peak benefit between European power grid and North American power grid, which can take Greenland wind power base as support in future, and realize networking between Europe and North America. In 2050, wind power in Greenland will develop in large scale and transmit power to Europe and North America. Meanwhile, have overall consideration in time difference effect, wind power output curve, load characteristic in Europe and North America and the complementarity of the installation structure of power supply, realize the rational exploitation and electricity absorption in Greenland wind power base, and the combined operation of power grid in Europe and North America.
